ʻO ka loina hana o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻia

ʻO ka mīkini hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa he mea ia e waiho ai i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi ma luna o ka ʻili o kahi pani.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāna kumu hana kumu i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu: hoʻomaʻemaʻe, evaporation, a me deposition.
1. Hoomaemae
Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana o ka evaporative, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke keʻena evaporation.No ka mea aia paha nā oxides, ka momona, ka lepo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ʻili o ke keʻena evaporation, e pili ana kēia i ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.Hoʻohana maʻamau ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻano kemika a kino paha.
2. hoʻoheheʻe
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka mea i makemake ʻia ma luna o kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe i hana ia i nā molekole kinoea.Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā molekole kinoea i loko o ke keʻena ʻūhā i loko o ke keʻena evaporation.Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana evaporation.ʻO ka mahana, ke kaomi a me ka wikiwiki o ka evaporation e pili ana i ka haku mele ʻana, ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
3. Waihona
ʻO nā molekele kinoea o ka mea i loko o ke keʻena evaporation e komo i ke keʻena hoʻonā ma o ka paipu ʻūhā, e hana me ka mea hana, a laila waiho i ka huahana ma luna o ka ʻili o ka substrate.Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana sedimentation.ʻO ka mahana, ke kaomi a me ka wikiwiki o ka waiho ʻana e pili pū i ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
2. Noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mīkini hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka ʻepekema waiwai, optics, electronics a me nā kula ʻē aʻe.
1. ʻEpekema Mea
Hiki i nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe vacuum ke hoʻomākaukau i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi o nā metala like ʻole, nā ʻāpana, nā oxides, silicates a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka uhi ʻana, nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, ka mālama ʻana i ka optical, nā hōʻike, nā transistors a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
2. Optik
Hiki i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke hoʻomākaukau i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni metala me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kiʻekiʻe a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni me nā hana kūikawā.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni i loko o nā panela solar, nā microscopes electron kiʻekiʻe, aerogels, UV / IR sensors, optical filters a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
3. Electronics
Hiki i nā mīkini hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa ke hoʻomākaukau i nā mea uila nanoscale a me nā mea microelectronic.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni i nā nanotransistors, nā hoʻomanaʻo magnetic, nā mea ʻike a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe.
I ka pōkole, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke hoʻomākaukau wale i nā mea kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi, akā hoʻomākaukau pū kekahi i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni me nā hana kūikawā e like me ka mea e pono ai.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻohana nui ʻia a hoʻolaha ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.